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United Way of America (now United Way Worldwide ) based in Alexandria, Virginia, is a nonprofit organization that works with almost 1,200 local United Way offices throughout the country in a coalition of charitable organizations to pool efforts in fundraising and support. United Way's focus is to identify and resolve pressing community issues, and to make measurable changes in communities through partnerships with schools, government agencies, businesses, organized labor, financial institutions, community development corporations, voluntary and neighborhood associations, the faith community, and others. The issues United Way offices focus on are determined locally because communities differ. The main areas include education, income and health. ==History== The organization has roots in Denver, Colorado, where in 1887 church leaders began the Charity Organization Society, which coordinated services and fundraising for 22 agencies.〔(history page on the United Way Web site )〕 Many Community Chest organizations, which were founded in the first half of the twentieth century to jointly collect and allocate money, joined the American Association for Community Organizations in 1918. The first Community Chest was founded in 1913 in Cleveland, Ohio,〔Ohiolink, (Biography of Whiting Williams ) (accessed August 29, 2013). See also Whiting Williams article.〕 after the example of the Jewish Federation in Cleveland—which served as an exemplary model for "federated giving". The number of Community Chest organizations increased from 39 to 353 between 1919 and 1929, and surpassed 1,000 by 1948. In 1948, Walter C. Laidlaw merged the Community Chest and other Detroit charities to form the United Foundation. In 1928, a Community Chest organization was established in Cape Town, South Africa — the first United Way outside North America.〔 (In 2015, continued neglect by United Way Worldwide, including legal and financial scandals, has lead to no active United Way presence in the country and completely severed ties with Community Chest). By 1974, there were enough United Way organizations internationally to demand the kind of support provided by the national organization, United Way of America and United Way International was born (later these organizations were joined together and renamed to United Way Worldwide). Its staff spoke eight languages, with a Board of Directors from more than seven countries, working with member organizations Amundsen, Chief Administrative Officer, served as interim president during a yearlong search. By 1963, and after several name changes, the term ''United Way'' was adopted, but not everyone chose to use it. After Walter C. Laidlaw fell ill, William Aramony became CEO of the national governing body known as the ''United Community Funds and Council of America'' (UCFCA) and in 1970 the organization was renamed United Way of America (UWA). It moved from New York City to Alexandria, Virginia in 1971.〔(Funding Universe: Company Histories-United Way of America )〕 After Aramony's departure in 1992, Kenneth W. Dam was named interim CEO until Elaine Chao was selected as UWA's second president. Betty Stanley Beene took over in 1997 and stayed until 2001.〔("United Way President Betty Beene Resigns" ) Philanthropy News Digest, September 19, 2000〕 Chris Brian Gallagher, former head of United Way in Columbus, Ohio, accepted the job in 2002 and as president and CEO, Brian Gallagher was compensated over $1.5 million in 2012 with eight executives receiving over $300,000 in compensation in 2013. In 2014, Brian Gallagher received $1.54 million in compensation while the organization experienced its largest worldwide loss in revenue, volunteers and donors in many years. In the 2007 ''Philanthropy 400'', United Way Worldwide was again the largest charity in the United States, with 1,285 local United Ways reporting over $4.2 billion in contributions, a 2.2% increase over 2006. In May 2009, United Way of America and United Way International were integrated as one global entity, United Way Worldwide.〔("United Way Worldwide" ) Hoovers Business Intelligence, company profiles〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「United Way of America」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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